Beam steering is a research area within the field of antenna design and technology that focuses on controlling the direction in which the antenna's beam radiates electromagnetic waves. This involves adjusting the phase and/or amplitude of the signals feeding into the antenna array in order to steer the beam towards a specific direction or target. Beam steering is a crucial aspect of many modern communication systems, radar systems, and satellite communication applications, as it allows for improved signal quality, increased coverage, and enhanced data transmission rates. Various techniques such as phased array antennas, smart antennas, and digital beamforming are commonly used for beam steering in different applications.